Mar 3, 2011

List of coffee varieties 2

Variety Arabica Region(s) Comments Ref
Arusha Arabica Mount Meru in Tanzania, and Papua New Guinea either a Typica variety or a French Mission.
Bergendal, Sidikalang Arabica Indonesia Both are Typica varieties which survived the Leaf Rust Outbreak of the 1880s; most of the other Typica in Indonesia was destroyed.
Blue Mountain Arabica Blue Mountains region of Jamaica. Also grown in Kenya, Hawaii, and Papua New Guinea. A natural mutation of Typica.
Bourbon Arabica Réunion and Latin America. Around 1708 the French planted coffee on the island of Bourbon (now called Réunion) in the middle of the Indian Ocean, all probably from the same parent stock - the plant the Dutch gave them. Unsurprisingly, it mutated slightly and was planted throughout Brazil in the late 1800s and eventually spread through Latin America. Bourbon produces 20-30% more fruit than Typica varieties.
Caturra Arabica Latin and Central America This is a mutation of the Bourbon variety, found near the town of Caturra, Brazil in the 1930s. It produces a higher yield than Bourbon, and this is generally due to the plant being shorter, higher yielding, and with less distance between the branches. A relatively recently selected botanical variety of the Coffea arabica species that generally matures more quickly, produces more coffee, and is more disease resistant than older, traditional arabica varieties. In fact this mutation is not unique; it led to the formation of the Pacas variety in El Salvador (from Bourbon) and the Villa Sarchi in Costa Rica (from Bourbon). Genetically it is very similar to Bourbon although it usually produces a poorer cup quality but this is mainly due to the variety yielding more.
Catuai Arabica Latin America This is a hybrid of Mundo Novo and Caturra bred in Brazil in the late 40s.